Nzira yekugadzira magiya

Isu munguva pfupi yapfuura takagadzira batch yemagiya asina mwero, inonyanya kushandiswa mumunda weotomatiki muchina, saka unoziva here kuti matanho edu ekugadzira giya ndeapi? Rega ndikuudze

Maitiro ekugadzira magiya anowanzo kusanganisira anotevera matanho:

1. Kuronga kwekugadzira:

• Sarudza zvigadziriso: maererano nezvinodiwa zvakananga zvegiyo uye nzvimbo yekushanda, sarudza chiyero chekutakura kwegiya, nhamba yemazino, modulus, index denderedzwa dhayamita, upamhi hwezino uye mamwe maparameter. Iko kuverengerwa kwema paramita aya kunofanirwa kuve kwakavakirwa pamusimboti wekufambiswa kwemuchina uye ane hukama dhizaini mafomula, sekutarisa chiyero chekufambisa kuburikidza neketani yekufambisa, kuverenga simba rinotenderera pamazino egiya zvichienderana ne torque papinion, uyezve kuverenga modulus yegiya uye dhayamita ye index denderedzwa uye kupeta kwesimba rekupetuka kwemeno kuneta.

• Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu: Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvegiya zvakakosha pakuita uye hupenyu hwebasa regiyo. Zvishandiso zvemagiya zvakajairwa isimbi yepakati kabhoni (senge 45 simbi), yakaderera uye yepakati kabhoni alloy simbi (senge 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMnTi, nezvimwewo), kumagiya akakosha ane zvinodiwa zvepamusoro, 38CrMoAlA nitride simbi inogona kusarudzwa, uye isiri-simba rekufambisa magiya anogona zvakare kugadzirwa nesimbi yakakandwa, plylon uye zvimwe zvinhu.

2. Kugadzirira kusina chinhu:

• Forging: Kana magiya achida simba rakawanda, kupfeka kusamira uye kukanganisa kupikisa, kufovha ma blanks kunowanzo shandiswa. Kugadzira kunogona kunatsiridza kurongeka kwemukati kwesimbi zvinhu, kuita kuti iwedzere kuomarara, uye kuvandudza michina yegiya. Iyo isina chinhu mushure mekugadzira inoda kurapwa neisothermal normalizing kubvisa kushushikana kwasara kunokonzerwa nekugadzira uye roughing, kunatsiridza machinability echinhu uye kuvandudza yakazara mekiniki zvivakwa.

• Kukandira: Pamagiya mahombe ane dhayamita inodarika 400-600mm, ma blanks anowanzo kukandwa. Kukandira kunogona kuburitsa magiya ane maumbirwo akaomarara, asi iyo yemukati kurongeka kwegiya rekukanda inogona kunge iine hurema hwakadai seporosity uye porosity, iyo inoda kunotevera kupisa kwekupisa uye kugadzirisa kwemakanika kuvandudza kushanda kwayo.

• Dzimwe nzira: Kune magiya ehukuru hudiki uye chimiro chakaoma, maitiro matsva akadai sekukanda kwakaringana, kukanda kudzvanywa, kunyatsogadzira, upfu metallurgy, kupisa kupisa uye kutonhora extrusion inogona kushandiswa kugadzira zino billet nemazino egiya kuvandudza kushanda kwevashandi uye kuchengetedza mbishi.

3. Mechanical processing:

• Kugadziriswa kwemazino kusina chinhu:

• Kubvongodza: ​​kubvongodza, kugaya uye kumwe kugaya zino risina kuvharwa kuti ribvise ruzhinji rwemumucheto, zvichisiya 0.5-1mm processing margin kuitira kuzopera. Kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge rwuri runyoro rwunosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira.

• Semi-finishing: semi-finishing turning, semi-finishing milling uye kumwe kugadziridzwa, kuti uwedzere kuvandudza kunaka kwedimensional uye nepamusoro pemhando yezino risina chinhu, kugadzirira kugadzirisa chimiro chezino. Munguva yekupedza semi-kupedza, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa pakudzora kufanana kwemvumo yekugadziriswa kudzivirira yakawandisa kana diki mvumo.

• Kupedzisa: Kushandura kwakanaka, kugaya zvakanaka, kugaya uye kumwe kugadziridzwa kwezino risina chinhu kuitira kuti kuve nechokwadi chokuti kurongeka kwedimensional, kuumbwa kwechimiro uye kuoma kwepamusoro pezino risina jira rinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Kana wapedza, iyo yakakodzera yekugadzira tekinoroji uye chishandiso chinofanira kusarudzwa kuti chivandudze mashandiro ekugadzirisa uye kunaka kwekugadzirisa.

• Kugadziriswa kwemazino:

• Kukuya mazino: Kushandiswa kwedisk modulus milling cutter kana kuti finger milling cutter inokuya mazino, ndeyekuumba maitiro. Iyo yekucheka zino chikamu chimiro inoenderana nechimiro chemazino egiya, uye mazino ekugaya anogona kugadzirisa magiya emhando dzakasiyana, asi iko kushanda kwekugadzirisa uye iko kurongeka kwakadzikira, iyo inokodzera chidimbu chimwe chidiki kugadzirwa kana kugadzirisa.

• Hobbing: Ndezvekugadzira nzira, uye musimboti wekushanda wakafanana nekubatanidza peya yehelical giya. Gear hob prototype is a spiral gear ine hombe spiral Angle, nekuti nhamba yemazino idiki kwazvo (kazhinji nhamba yemazino), mazino akareba kwazvo, akatenderedza shaft kuumba honye ine diki spiral Angle, uye ipapo kuburikidza neiyo slot uye mazino, inova hobho ine kucheka kumucheto uye kumashure Angle. Gear hobbing inokodzera marudzi ese ekugadzirwa kwakawanda, kugadzirisa yepakati mhando yekunze cylindrical giya uye giya rehonye.

• Gear shaper: Iri zvakare rudzi rwekugadzira nzira yekugadzirisa. Kana giya shaper ichishandiswa, giya shaper cutter uye workpiece yakaenzana nemeshing yepeya yecylindrical giya. Iko kudzokororwa kwekufamba kwegiya shaper ndiko kufamba kukuru kwegiya shaper, uye kutenderera kwedenderedzwa kunogadzirwa negiya shaper uye workpiece zvinoenderana nechimwe chikamu ndiko kufambiswa kwekudya kwegiya shaper. Gear shaper inokodzera marudzi ese ekugadzirwa kwemazhinji, kugadzirisa epakati mhando yemukati uye yekunze cylindrical magiya, akawanda-ekubatanidza magiya uye diki rack.

Kuveura ndebvu: Kuveura ndebvu inzira inowanzoshandiswa yekupedzisa mazino asina kuomeswa pakugadzirwa kwehuwandu. Nheyo yekushanda ndeye kushandisa shaving cutter uye giya kuti rigadziriswe yemahara meshing kufamba, nerubatsiro rwehama inotsvedza pakati pezviviri, kuveura machipisi akanaka kwazvo kubva pazino pamusoro kuti uvandudze kurongeka kwemazino. Mazino ekuveura anogonawo kugadzira mazino echigubhu kuti avandudze nzvimbo yekubatana kwenzvimbo yemazino.

Kukuya giya: inzira yekupedzisa zino, kunyanya kune magiya akaomarara, kazhinji ndiyo chete nzira yekupedzisa. Kukuya giya kunogona kunge kuri kugaya nevhiri rekukuya honye, ​​zvakare rinogona kugaya neconical kugaya vhiri kana disc kugaya vhiri. Gear grinding machining precision yakakwira, kushata kwepamusoro kukosha idiki, asi kugona kwekugadzira kwakaderera, kudhura.

4. Kurapa kupisa:

• Blank heat treatment: Ronga pre-heat treatment isati yasvika uye mushure mezino blank processing, zvakadai se normalizing kana tempering, chinangwa chikuru ndechokubvisa kushushikana kwakasara kunokonzerwa nekugadzira uye roughing, kuvandudza machinability yezvinhu uye kuvandudza huwandu hwemagetsi.

• Kupisa kwekupisa kwemazino emazino: Mushure mekugadzirisa mazino ekugadzirisa, kuitira kuti uvandudze kuoma uye kupfeka kusagadzikana kwepamusoro pemazino, carburizing kuoma, high-frequency induction heat harding, carbonitriding uye nitriding heat treatment maitiro anowanzoitwa.

5. Kupera kwemazino: kuguma kwezino regiya rinogadziriswa nekutenderera, chamfering, chamfering uye deburring. Zino kupera machining kunofanira kuitwa pamberi giya quenching, kazhinji pashure kukungurutsa (interpolation) mazino, asati kuveura akaronga zino kupera machining.

6. Kuongororwa kwehutano: zviyero zvakasiyana-siyana zvegiya zvinoedzwa, zvakadai sechimiro chezino, mazino, kutungamira kwezino, mazino akaenzana, kureba kwakajairwa, kubuda, nezvimwewo, kuve nechokwadi kuti kurongeka uye kunaka kwegiya kunosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Nzira dzekuona dzinosanganisira kuyerwa nemaoko nematurusi ekuyeresa uye kuyerwa chaiko nemidziyo yekuyeresa giya.